Cutlery grinding and polishing machine



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. H. KESSEL CUTLERY -C'1RIlIDI1\IGr 'AND POLISHING MACHINE Filed April 27, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 13,' 1928. 1,662,679

` H. KESSEL cU'rLERY GRINDING AND P oLIsHING incarne I Filed Avril 27. 1927 3 Sheetssneet 5 Patented Mar. 13, 192'8.

UNITED STATES HEINRICH KESSEL, oEHAAN, GERMANY.

CUTLERY GRINDING A ND IPOLISIEING MACHINE.

application mea Apraav, 19a?,k serial No."187,o92,` and in Germany May 2, 1924.

My invention relates to cutlery grinding and polishing machines and more partlcularly to means for imparting to .the blade holder a motion necessary to obtaln the desired profile of the cutting edge. Vhile I will describe my invention as applied to agrinding machine; it will be apparent'to those skilled in the art that the basic principles thereof may be employed with equal advantages in polishing and similar machines.

It is an object of my invention to provide means whereby knife blades and similar edged tools may be ground to a predeteri mined profile ot' the cutting edge.

'It is a further object of m invention to provide means whereby two lades may be simultaneousl ground.

A further o ject of my invention is to provide adjustable means for imparting a rocking or/oscillatingmovement to the blade holderi/ p lA further object is to provide a simplified form of blade holding carriage.

Other objects will appear from the following description, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, in wlnch,

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, of a lgrinding machine embodying the novel blade holder actuating mechanism;

Figure 2 is a detailed view showing an eccentric utilized for obtaining the rocking motion of the work holder; p v

Figure 3 is a side elevati of the blade or work holder according to one embodiment of my invention;

Figure -1 is a plan View thereof; Figure 5 is a vertical cross sectional View taken on the line 5 5 of Figure 3;

Figure 6 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 6 6 of Figure 3;

Figure 7 is a side elevation of a modification of my invention;

Figure 8 is a plan view thereof; l Figure 9 is an end elevation oi the cradle upon which the work holder is guided; y

,Figure 10 is a vertical cross sectional view taken.' on the line 10-410 of Figure 8;

Figure 11 is a vertical sectional view illusg tratingY the position taken by the cheels:

plates; k y

Figure 12 is a detailed elevation showing the mea-ns for swinging the cradle; yand Figure 13 is a vertical. sectional view taken on a line 13-13 of Figure 8. i

The\`niac\hine shown in side elevation in Figure 1 ismerely illustrative of the type of lnachine with which the work holding and. actuating means of. my invention may be readily used. I will briefly describethe general construction and method of operation of this machine so that the nature and use of my invention may be more readily understood.

The machine is built. upon albase casting A20 which may have a table 21 and a bracket 22 cast' integrally therewith or bolted thereto. A pair of oppositely disposed grinding wheels are mounted upon aligned shafts 24 (only one shown). Each of the shafts 24 is mounted ina pair of bearings 26 which are carried by a swinging 'frame 25 and which are axially adjustable therein. The shaft may be, tilted in a verticalplane by. manipulation of the hand wheel 27 and moved axially by the rotation of the hand wheel 28. lhe grinding wheels may thus be, moved toward and away `from each other and have their grinding faces at practically any desired angle relative to each other. The blade or work holder is slidable between the grinding faces of the two wheels by suitable mechanism which will be hereinafter described. The machine as above described is well known in the` art and forms no part ,of my present invention. y

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figures 3 to 6 the work holder comprises a pair4 of cheek plates 30, 31 rigidly secured by countersunk screws 31 to the cross piece 32. The cross piece rests upon a support 33 which has a semi-cylindrical longitudinal groove adapted to fit over the cylindrical head of a guide rail 34. The cheek plates 30, 31 are provided with any suitable means by which blades K (Fig. 1) may be readily attached, such, for example, as the pins, designated generally as 35, and theb fiat spring 37. A bridge member 36 is mounted upon the cheek plates 30, 31 and is drilled to receive a pair oflstuds 38.' These studs arek tightly screwed into wedves 30 which may thus be raised or lowered by tightening or loosening the nuts 42 on the studs. By rais- `ing one wedge and. lowering the other thec-heek plates may be moved laterally relative vto the support 33.

The cheek plates may also be raised and lowered relative to the support 33. The means for accomplishing this, as best shown in Figure 6, comprise a bolt 44 which has a head freely rotatable in a. T-shaped slot 45 in the support 33 and is threaded in a box 46 which is laterally adjustable in a slot 48 in the cross piece 32. The box 46 is externally threaded to receive a nut 50 by which the box may be secured in its laterally adjusted position and thus aids in forming a rigid connection between the cheek plates and the support While permitting lateral adjustment of the cheek plates relative to the support by means of the wedges 40. By rotating the bolt 44 the box 46 may be raised or lowered and as a consequence the cheek plates may be raised or lowered or inclined in either direction relative to the horizontal plane of the top of the support 33. The end of the support 33 is bifurcated at 52 to receive an actuating link 54. As will be hercinafter described, this link 54 imparts a longitudinal movement to the support relative to the guide rail 34. The means for swinging the cheek )lates about the center line ot' the cylindrica portion of the guide rail 34 comprises a bar 56 which is rcciprocated vertically by any suitable means, such as the mechanism shown in Fig. 7 and used to reciprocate bar 104, as will he hereinafter described. A rod 58 secured in the cheek plate 30 rests upon the bar 56 and is guided thereby, that is, the vertical movements of the bar 56 are tranmitted through the rod 58 and cause rocking or pivotal movement ot the entire work holder assembly about the guide rail 34.

The method of operation of this device Will now be described. The pieces to be ground, for example, knife blades, are mounted upon the cheek plates 30, 31 by any suitable means, as, for example, the pins 35 as is well known in the art, and the whole is then brought between the two opposed grinding `viheels 60 and 61, illustrated in cross section in Figure 4, so that the grinding Wheel 60 engages the blade on the cheek plate 30 and the grinding wheel 61 engages the blade on the cheek plate 31. The desired profile of the cutting edge is attained by rocking the blade holder by means of the guide bar 56 and the rod 58. The grinding wheels thus alternately grind more heavily toward and away from the cutting edge, so that by suitably setting up of the blade holder and by suitably raisin and lowering of the guide bar 56, the deslred profile of the edge ot the blade may be obtained.

If the surfaces of the blades to be ground, when at the center of the arc of their swinging movement, lie equidistant from two similarly set grinding wheels, and if the cheek plates are symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane through the axis of pivotal movement, then each of the blades will be ground the same amount.

If the `plates 30, 31 are set unsymmetrical with respect to the center of the guide rail 34, then the pieces vof work being ground will describe' arcs of ditl'erent lengths and curvatures so that the blade on one plate may be ground convex at the same time that the blade on the other plate is ground with a blunt profile of the cutting edge. ily shitting the work holder longitudinally by lneans ot the link 54, the desired profile may be ground to extend the full length ot the blade. In using the above described mechanism the profile is necessaril)` thc same throughout the length of the blade.

rl`he hollow ground profile resultant from 'a stationary work holder is transformed into a convex or blunt protile, dependent upon the degree ot' swinging movement ot the blade relative to the grindstone or grinding wheel. The latter movement may he regulated by changing the length ot' the stroke ol` the guide bar 56 which muy be accomplished by any well known mechanism, one ot' which will hereinafter he described.

It it were desired to grind blades with long conical hacks, either the grindingr wheels would have to be suitably turned during the operation, or some moditied structure be provided to swing the cheek plates outwardly during a portion only of their longitudinal stroke. ln Figures 7 to 13 I have illustrated such a. modified construction which in some respects is similar to that above described but possesses advantages not therein obtained in that the check plates may be swung outwardly during a portion ot their stroke. As shown in l1`ig ures 1 and 7, the work piece holder is .eupported upon a cradle which comprises` a bott-om bar 64 which is secured to the end pieces 66 and 6T. These end pieces are supported by centers or pointed set screws (1S which are threaded and locked in suitable supportingr brackets and 72. 'l`he end piece 66 hasl a plurality ot' spaced conical recesses 74 adapted to receive the center (33. The end piece 67 may he provided with .similar recesses but ordinarily a single central recess is all that is necessary at the rear end of the cradle. By shifting the cradle .so that the sct screw 68 will engage other than the central recess 74 thc axis and degree of pivotal movement imparted to thc cradle may be varied as desired. 'l`he bar 64 has a guide arm 76 secured thereto. 'l`he cradle is the means for supporting a pair ot cheek plates 78 and 79 which are secured to a bolt S0 by a pair of flat resilient links 8:2. 'l`hc links normally tend to hold the check plates 79 in contact with each other and resting upon a suitable guide projection 86 formed upon the bar 64. A link 84, for imparting longitudinal movement to the cheek plates, has a recess to receive the bolt 8() which passes beneath the guide arm 76, and an aperture 86 which registers with the end of lil() lltl the guide arm 76 so as to maintain these parts in correct relative positions as the link 84 moves toward the left (Figure 7).

As best shown in Figures 8 and 10, the cheek plates 79 and 80 carry arms 88 and 89 which are rigid with the cheek plates and project perpendicularly therefrom. The arms are vertically tapped near their extremities to receive adjusting screws 90 and 91 which rest upon guiding rails 92 and 93 respectively. These rails are adjustably secured upon a bolt 94 which is tiXed in the bar 64. A tapered separating plug 98 (Figure 11) is secured tothe bar 64A at a point intermediate the abrading face of the grinding wheels. As the link 84 slides the cheek plates to the left, their ends engage the separator 98 which forces the plates outwardly to bring Ythe blades, Which are attached thereto by any suitable means, into position for grinding. The sepaiator 98 has an enlarged head which holds the cheek plates down upon rollers 100 which are suitably mounted on the bar 64. The cradle, as a whole, may be swung upon its pivot 68 through the engagement ot' a rod 102, which is secured to the end piece 66, with a guide rail 104 which is raised and lowered by any suitable means, such, for example, as that .shown in Figures 1, 2 and 12.

Referring to Figure 1, a shaft 106 carries an eccentric cam cylinder 108. A biiiuicated arni 110 has a pair of rollers 112 engaging the surface of the cam and adapted to swing the arm 110 on its pivot shaft 114. By shifting the arm 110 laterally, the length of its swinging movement may readily be Varied. The arm 110 is pivotally secured to a niember 116 which is fixed to the shaft 114. The shaft 114 carries an eccentric 118 which is adapted to impart reciprocatory movement to a rod 120 which depends from the guide rail 104.

As shown in Figure 1, the 'link 84 is pivoted to a three-armed lever 122 which in turn is pivotally mounted on the bracket -A foot pedal 124 is connected to the one arm of the lever 122 by a rod 126, the length of which may be adjusted, and a counter bal-l ancing weight 128 is secured tothe lower end of the lever 122 by means of a cable or strap 130 which passes around a suitable pulley 'on a shaft 132. The link 84, and hence-the blade holder, may be shifted to the left by Vdepressing the pedal 124 and will be returned by the weight 128. Y

The embodiment of the work holder shown in Figures 1 and 7 to 13 inclusive has the advantage that the possibility of grinding away, bending over, orburring the front end of the blade is eliminated, since the bladesmove laterally into contact with the grinding wheels. As above indicated, the latter'embodiment also has the added function of being capableof automatically grinding a conical back 4edge on the blade,

and also provides means (the guide rails y Figure 7), the cheek plates 78, 79 will be v swung outwardly during the return stroke of the work holder, by means of adjustable screws 90, 91 and the arms 88, 89, as shown in dotted lines inl Figure 11. This movement of the-cheek plates is possible because of the resilient link connection between the cheek plates and the bolt 80.

Upward movement of the cheek plates is prevented since their front ends are held down by the bolt which slides beneath the guide arm 76, and their rear ends are held beneath the head of the separator 98. Of course, thethrust of the grinding wheels may normally be sutlicient to hold the cheek plates down, but the above described means insures the proper pushing of the blades and prevents them from chattering and vibrating. Therounded portion, directly .bene-.1th

the head ot the separator, `forms a satisfactory bearing surface for the longitudinal and pivotal movement of the plates. `With a given setting ot the guide rails, raising .inclination of the guide rails 92, 93, increases the curvature of the conical back edge, thatis, decreases the radius'of curvature.

In operation two sets of cheek plates, together with the parts secured thereto, may be provided'with each machine so that the operator may attach the blades to one set while the other set is in operation. It will be understood that it is necessary for the operator to insert the blade inthe machine twice, -once upon each cheek plate, in order' to'grind both sides ot the blade. By sliding `the cheek plates to the rifght (Figure 7) luntil the bolt 80 passes beyond the end of the guide arm 76, they vmay be easily removed from the machine and another set substi' tuted.

If desired, one side of the blade may be ground convex and the other side relatively blunt by mounting the cradle unsyminetrically upon its pivot centers, as by using recesses 74 `other than those in the center verations thereof may be made without departing from the principles of my invention. I therefore do not wish my invention to be limited except by the claims which follow.

Iv claim:

1. In a machine of the class described, a work holder comprising tw'o vertical, rigidly joined, cheek plates, a support for said plates, means for vertically adjusting said plates relative to said support, and means for late ally adjusting said plates relative to said support.

ln a machine of the class described, a work holder comprising a reciprocable support, a cross piece vertically and laterally adjustable relative to said support, screw means for securing said cross piece in adjusted position, and a pair of plates adapted to support the "piece to be ground, iixed to said cross piece.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a guide rail, a support slidably and pivotally mounted thereon, work holding means vertically adjustable relative to said support, and screw means for etlecting adjustment of said work holding means.

4. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a guide rail, a support slidably and pivotally mounted thereon, work holding means vertically and laterally ade justable relative to said support, and screw means i'or effecting adjustment of said work holding means.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a member having a guide rail therealong, a work holder longitudinally slidable on said rail, and means for imparting a pivotal movement to said work holder irrespective of the position of Said work holder on said rail.

G. In a machine of the class described, a guide rail. work holding means reciprocable relative thereto, means for imparting a swinging movement to said work holding means, and means, including a cylinder rotating about a diagonal axis, for varying the extent of swinging movement of said work holder.

7. In a machine ol the class described, the combination of a guide bar, a pair ot cheek plates reciprocably mounted upon said bar, means for sliding said cheek plates longitudinally, resilient connections between said last-named means and said cheek plates,

said lresilient means tending normally to press said cheek plates together, and wedgv mg means adapted to separate said 'cheek plates at one portion of their reciprocatory stroke.

8. In a machine of the class described, the combination ot a pivotally mounted cradle, said cradle being carried on a pair of adjustable centers so that the pivotal axis of the cradle may be shifted, work-holding means reciprocable upon said cradle, said means comprising a pair of plates adapted to hold the pieces of work on their outer faces, a rigid cross-piece and resilient means normally tending to move said plates toward each other; means to reciprocate Said Workholding means, means to spread said plates apart during a portion of their stroke, adjustable means to rock said cradle, and adjustable means to swing said plates outwardly during a portion of their reciprocatory stroke.

t). In a machine of the class described, the combination of a swinging guide rail, means for permitting the shifting of the axis of the swinging movement of said guide rail, a work-holder reciprocable on said rail, means to move said work-holder longitudinally, and means to move said work-holder laterally during a predetermined portion of its reciprocatory stroke.

10. In a machine ot' the class described, the combination of a pair' of juxtaposed plates adapted to receive the work on their outer faces, means to longitudinally reciprocate said plates, means to torce said plates laterally to bring the work in operative position, and adjustable means for swinging said plates outwardly about axes adjacent the upper lateral edge of said plates.

1l. lVorli-holding means comprising a pivotally mounted cradle, work supporting means reciprocably mounted on said cradle, and means for periodically swinging said cradle a pre-determined extent by reciprocation of said work supporting means.

l2. In a machine of the class described, the combination ol' a cradle pivotally mounted, means to impart a pre-determined pivotal movement to said cradle, a pair oi plates resilicntly held on said cradle and guided thereby, means to reciprocate said plates, and means for swinging each of said plates outwardly along a longitudinal axis, the degree of swinging movement being a variable function of the reciprocatory movement of'said plates.

In witness whereof, Ihereunto subscribe my name this 6th day of A ril, 1927.

HEINRI H KESSEL. 

